Wilson's Warbler
A species of Red-faced Warblers Scientific name : Cardellina pusilla Genus : Red-faced Warblers
Wilson's Warbler, A species of Red-faced Warblers
Botanical name: Cardellina pusilla
Genus: Red-faced Warblers
Content
Description People often ask General Info
Description
Wilson's warbler is a small passerine, ranging from 10 to 12 cm (3.9 to 4.7 in) in length, with a wingspan of 14–17 cm (5.5–6.7 in) and a mass of 5–10 g (0.18–0.35 oz). It has a plain green-brown back and yellow underparts. The male has a small black cap. Males of the western race C. p. chryseola are greener above and brighter than males of the eastern, nominate race. Individuals from Alaska and the west-central portion of the species' range average slightly larger than those found in eastern and Pacific coastal populations. Its song is a chattering series of loud descending notes. The call is a flat "chuff". The Wilson's warbler resembles the yellow warbler: the latter is readily distinguished by its different shape, yellow wing markings, and yellow tail spots. 
Size
12 cm (4.75 in)
Colors
Green
Yellow
Life Expectancy
6 years
Nest Placement
Ground
Clutch Size
2 - 7 eggs
Incubation Period
1 - 2 broods
Number of Broods
10 - 13 days
Nestling Period
9 - 11 days
Feeding Habits
Wilson's Warbler feed on larval insects, spiders, beetles, caterpillars, flies, bees, mayflies, aphids, and occasionally berries. They glean prey off foliage, sally to catch flying insects, and hover to drink honeydew. Wilson's Warbler forage mostly in the understory and show nervous movements while foraging, without differences in feeding rates between mated and unmated males.
Habitat
Wilson's Warbler is typically found in open woodlands with ample undergrowth, flourishing particularly in moist environments alongside streams, ponds, and bogs. These locations often feature thickets, permitting the ideal breeding conditions for wilson's Warbler. They thrive from sea level to elevations as high as 11,500 feet, favoring climates ranging from the northern boreal to temperate. Vegetation types essential to their habitat include willow, alder, and various shrubby thickets, as well as forest clearings rich in flowering plants, like aspen. During migration, wilson's Warbler frequents forests and scrub along streams, and in the winter, its habitat extends to overgrown clearings, tropical forests, pine-oak woodlands, mangroves, and high-altitude cloud forests in Central America. Wilson's Warbler also adapts to anthropogenic environments such as coffee plantations, demonstrating a flexible habitat range.
Nest Behavior
Female wilson's Warbler alone builds the nest over 5 days, with egg-laying following nest completion.
Nest Characteristics
Wilson's Warbler's nests are typically located in ground depressions or up to 5 feet high in shrubs, made of leaves, moss, bark, grass, and hair. These nests, cup-shaped and well hidden, measure 3-4 inches wide with a smaller 1-2 inch internal cup.
Dite type
Insectivorous
People often ask
General Info
Feeding Habits
Bird Feeder Type
Small Tube Feeder
Platform
Sounds
Call
Recording location: United States
Song
Recording location: United States
Song
Recording location: United States
Behavior
Wilson's Warbler exhibit dynamic and active behaviors, characterized by constant movement while foraging, commonly fluttering and hovering within forest undergrowth for insects. They actively defend territories by displaying aggressive postures and vocalizing sharp calls upon intrusion by conspecifics. Unique to their behavior is a tail-cocking display, used to establish dominance. During breeding, they engage in both monogamy and extra-pair copulation, with males participating in feeding young alongside females, who solely manage incubation and brooding. A remarkable behavior is the broken-wing display, a tactic to divert predators from nests. Post-breeding, relationships dissolve, with repartnering occurring annually. In winter territories, some individuals assert dominance, while others integrate into mixed-species flocks.
Distribution Area
The breeding habitat is fairly open woodland with undergrowth or shrubs and thickets in moist areas with streams, ponds, bogs, and wet clearings. Wilson's warbler breeds in northern Canada and the western US; it winters in overgrown clearings and coffee plantations, forest edges, deciduous forests, tropical evergreens, pine-oak forests, mangroves, thorn-scrub, riparian gallery forests, brushy fields, and mixed forests . At all seasons, it prefers secondary growth, riparian habitats, lakes, montane and boreal forests with overgrown clearcuts. It is a very rare vagrant to Western Europe.
Species Status
Not globally threatened.
Scientific Classification
Phylum
Chordates Class
Birds Order
Perching birds Family
New world warblers Genus
Red-faced Warblers Species
Wilson's Warbler 
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