White-ruffed Manakin
A species of White-throated Manakins Scientific name : Corapipo altera Genus : White-throated Manakins
White-ruffed Manakin, A species of White-throated Manakins
Botanical name: Corapipo altera
Genus: White-throated Manakins
Content
Description General Info
Description
The white-ruffed manakin is, like its relatives, a compact short-tailed bird with a flat, wide bill, dark legs and striking male plumage. It is typically 10 cm long and weighs ~11 g (9–14 g, males are smaller than females). The adult male is mostly glossy blue-black with a white erectile ruff on the throat and sides of the neck. His wings are modified, with a very short outer primary. Females and birds in their first year of life are olive-green with a greyish throat. In their second year, males molt into a mostly-green plumage but with a black mask and partial white ruff. Only following the breeding season in their third year do they acquire the adult plumage. 
Size
10 - 10 cm
Feeding Habits
White-ruffed Manakin primarily feeds on fruit, complementing its diet with spiders and insects. It exhibits unique foraging behaviors to locate its varied diet within its habitat.
Habitat
White-ruffed Manakin thrives in the humid and wet forests, which includes both primary and tall secondary growth areas. This bird prefers habitats that offer clearings and are rich with fruiting trees. The bird's habitat typically stretches across foothills and lower mountain slopes. Broadly, white-ruffed Manakin can be found from sea level up to elevations of 1500 meters in Central America and up to 1200 meters in Venezuela. In Colombia, its elevation range is a bit wider, from 200 to 1500 meters, with a preference for elevations above 400 meters during the breeding season.
Dite type
Insectivorous
General Info
Distribution Area
It is common in the foothills and middle elevations of Central America, breeding mainly between 400–600 m on the Caribbean slope and up to 1500 m on the Pacific slopes. Some populations are partial altitudinal migrants, meaning that some individuals migrate to lower elevations during the wet (non-breeding) season. This is a species of wet forest, mainly restricted to primary forest, but sometimes occupying adjacent clearings and tall secondary growth.
Species Status
One study in Costa Rica found that the white-ruffed manakin appears to have maintained substantial genetic connectivity despite habitat fragmentation. This suggests that manakins may have no trouble dispersing across non-forest habitat patches. This bird has a very wide range, is fairly common and is presumed to have a large total population. The population trend is thought to be stable and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated the bird's conservation status as being of "least concern".
Scientific Classification
Phylum
Chordates Class
Birds Order
Perching birds Family
Manakins Genus
White-throated Manakins Species
White-ruffed Manakin 
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