Serra Antwren
A species of Black-bellied Antwrens Scientific name : Formicivora serrana Genus : Black-bellied Antwrens
Serra Antwren, A species of Black-bellied Antwrens
Botanical name: Formicivora serrana
Genus: Black-bellied Antwrens
Content
Description General Info
Description
Antwrens in the genus Formicivora have comparatively long tails, and the males are unusual in having underparts that are darker than the upperparts. The serra antwren is about 12.5 cm (5 in) long and weighs about 12 g (0.4 oz). In the northern part of the range, the male bird resembles the black-bellied antwren, but the crown and upper parts are a richer, more chestnut colour and the edgings to the tertial feathers are rufous rather than white. It also shows less white on the flanks. In the southern part of the range, the crown and upper parts are dark brown, with an indistinct superciliary streak and less white on the wing coverts. The females of both races are also similar to the black-bellied female but have blacker cheeks and buff underparts. The song is a swiftly uttered series of up to twenty "cha" notes. 
Size
13 cm
Feeding Habits
Serra Antwren forages low above ground, mainly consuming insects by perch-gleaning or hover-gleaning. Exhibits active search with short movements, scanning for prey and showing a preference for live vegetation but sometimes foraging on the ground, following army ants occasionally.
Habitat
The serra Antwren typically inhabits the understorey of semi-humid evergreen forest edges, dry scrub, and second-growth woodlands across broader tropical and subtropical regions. This species favors environments with a mixed structure of stunted woodland, particularly on rocky, nutrient-poor soils. These habitats usually feature a canopy height of moderate extent, sparse larger trees, and an understory enriched with small-leaved bamboos, bracken ferns, and terrestrial bromeliads. Additionally, serra Antwren is known to occupy shrubby thickets adjacent to taller forests and has adapted to human-modified landscapes, including eucalyptus plantations.
Dite type
Insectivorous
General Info
Distribution Area
This antwren is endemic to inland parts of southeastern Brazil, where its range includes the states of Minas Gerais, and adjacent parts of Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo. Its range was extended northwards in 2011 during an ornithological survey, by it being recorded at two sites some 200 km (124 mi) further north than its previous known range; the birds were found when they responded to recordings of vocalisations of the species. The precise distribution of many bird species in this area is poorly known and whether these birds were a separate population or whether they were part of a continuous distribution wherever suitable habitat existed is unclear. Typical habitat for this species is scrub and cleared land where natural vegetation is regenerating, at altitudes of up to about 1,300 m (4,300 ft).
Scientific Classification
Phylum
Chordates Class
Birds Order
Perching birds Family
Antbirds Genus
Black-bellied Antwrens Species
Serra Antwren 
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