White-eared Ground-sparrow
A species of Ground Sparrows and Brown Towhees Scientific name : Melozone leucotis Genus : Ground Sparrows and Brown Towhees
White-eared Ground-sparrow, A species of Ground Sparrows and Brown Towhees
Botanical name: Melozone leucotis
Genus: Ground Sparrows and Brown Towhees
Content
Description
Photo By Dubi Shapiro
Description
The white-eared ground sparrow (Melozone leucotis) is a large American sparrow which breeds in a small range of Central America at middle altitudes from southern Mexico and Guatemala to northern Costa Rica. The species range is on the Pacific side of Central America, and Belize (on the Gulf of Mexico) and Honduras are not in its normal range. This bird is found typically at altitudes between 500 and 2,000 m (1,600 and 6,600 ft) in the undergrowth and thickets of ravines, forest edge, and other semi-open woodland including second growth and large gardens. The nest, built by the female, is a massive bowl of stems, twigs and other plant material constructed on the ground or less than 75 cm (2.46 ft) up, and hidden amongst banana plants, orchids or similar cover. The female lays two brown-blotched white eggs, which she incubates for 12–14 days. The male helps in feeding the chicks. The white-eared ground sparrow is on average 17.5 cm (6.9 in) long and weighs 43 g (1.5 oz). The adult has a stubby dark-grey bill and unstreaked olive-brown upperparts. The head is mainly black with a broken white eye ring and white patches in front of and behind the eye. The nape is green and the sides of the neck are bright yellow. The throat and breast patch are black, separated by a thin rufous-grey line, and the rest of the underparts are mainly white with grey on the flanks. Young birds have yellower underparts, and a duller indistinct head pattern. North Nicaragua birds, M. l. nigrior, have a much broader black breast spot than the nominate Costa Rican form, and the northernmost of the three subspecies, M. l. occipitalis, has a grey crown stripe, obvious yellow supercilium, and very small breast spot. White-eared ground sparrow calls include a thin tsip. The male's song is an explosive whistled spit-CHUR see-see-see. The white-eared ground sparrow feeds on the ground on seeds, fallen berries, insects and spiders. It is usually in pairs, and is a shy species best seen at near or dusk, although easier to find than its skulking relative, Prevost's ground sparrow.
Size
19 cm
Feeding Habits
White-eared Ground-sparrow predominantly feeds on small seeds, fruits, various arthropods, and unidentified plant materials. White-eared Ground-sparrow forages on the ground, showing flexibility in its diet by also consuming human-provided foods. Special dietary adaptations or preferences remain unspecified.
Habitat
White-eared Ground-sparrow typically resides in lush, vegetated environments. Their preferred habitats span secondary forest fringes, shaded regions within coffee plantations, and dense riparian forests. These birds are also accustomed to thriving in natural shrubberies found in lower montane elevations. Broadly, white-eared Ground-sparrow is associated with habitats in the premontane zones of larger geographical regions, where they thrive in areas of regrowth and vegetative understory.
Dite type
Granivorous
Photo By Dubi Shapiro
Scientific Classification
Phylum
Chordates Class
Birds Order
Perching birds Family
New world sparrows Species
White-eared Ground-sparrow