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Horned Guan

A species of Horned Guan
Scientific name : Oreophasis derbianus Genus : Horned Guan

Horned Guan, A species of Horned Guan
Botanical name: Oreophasis derbianus
Genus: Horned Guan
Horned Guan (Oreophasis derbianus) Photo By Yinan Chen , used under PUBLIC-DOMAIN /Cropped and compressed from original

Description

The horned guan (Oreophasis derbianus) is a large, approximately 85 cm (33 in) long, turkey-like bird with glossy black dorsal plumage, red legs, a white iris, a yellow bill, and a red horn on top of its head. The breast and upper belly are white, and its long tail feathers are black with a white band near the base. Both sexes are similar. The young are duller with a smaller horn, and have a brown tail and wings. The only member species in the monotypic genus Oreophasis, the horned guan is distributed in humid mountain forests of southeastern Mexico (Chiapas) and Guatemala in Central America. It is found at altitudes up to 3,350 m (10,990 ft). Its diet consists mainly of fruits, green leaves, and invertebrates. The female usually lays one or two eggs. The horned guan is not a true guan, but merely resembles these birds most in overall shape and color, whereas the horn is more reminiscent of the helmeted curassows. In fact, this species is the only survivor of a very ancient lineage of cracids that has been evolving independently from all other living members of this family for at least 20 million years, and possibly as much as 40 million years. Although it does not have any really close relatives among living cracids, the true guans are apparently most distant. Given that the basal relationships of the living cracids are not well resolved, the horned guan is often placed into a distinct subfamily, the Oreophasinae. Alternatively, it might be included in a large Cracinae with curassows and chachalacas (Pereira et al. 2002). Due to ongoing habitat loss, small population size, limited range, and hunting in some areas, the horned guan is evaluated as Endangered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix I of CITES.
Size
85 cm
Life Expectancy
11 years
Nest Placement
Ground
Feeding Habits
Horned Guan, a unique bird, primarily feasts on fruits and greens, supplementing with insects and flowers. It forages in trees, showing a notable preference for certain fruits which may indicate specialized dietary adaptions.
Habitat
The horned Guan is typically found in humid evergreen mountain forests within the subtropical zone. This bird favors elevations mostly ranging from 2300 m to 3350 m but can occasionally be observed as low as 1200 m. Its preferred habitats are characterized by a rich diversity of vegetation, including dominant plant genera such as Quercus, Matudaea, Hedyosmum, and Dendropanax. The horned Guan thrives in environments with lush undergrowth, including a proliferation of ground and tree ferns, epiphytes, mosses, and vines, though it generally avoids drier oak–pine dominated slopes.
Dite type
Frugivorous

General Info

Feeding Habits

Bird food type
Fruit
Horned Guan (Oreophasis derbianus) Horned Guan (Oreophasis derbianus) Photo By Yinan Chen , used under PUBLIC-DOMAIN /Cropped and compressed from original

Scientific Classification

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