Newell's Shearwater
A species of Typical Shearwaters, Also known as Hawaiian Shearwater Scientific name : Puffinus newelli Genus : Typical Shearwaters
Newell's Shearwater, A species of Typical Shearwaters
Also known as:
Hawaiian Shearwater
Botanical name: Puffinus newelli
Genus: Typical Shearwaters
Content
Description General Info
Photo By ALAN SCHMIERER from southeast AZ, USA , used under CC-ZERO /Cropped and compressed from original 
Description
It is a fairly small shearwater, 33 centimetres (13 in) in length. The wing is 223–249 millimetres (8.8–9.8 in) long and the tail is 78.9–88.8 millimetres (3.11–3.50 in). The bird weighs 0.340–0.425 kilograms (0.75–0.94 lb). The upperparts are black with a brown tinge while the underparts are white. The dark colouration on the face extends below the eye and is sharply separated from the white throat. There is a white patch on the flanks, extending onto the sides of the rump. The underwings are mainly white with a dark border. The undertail-coverts have a black and white pattern and appear white in the field. The bill is dark grey or brown and the legs and feet are mainly pale pink. The bird flies low over the water on stiff wings with a mixture of short glides and periods of rapid flapping. It utters a donkey-like braying call around the breeding areas. Townsend's shearwater (P. auricularis) is very similar but has dark undertail-coverts, a shorter tail and a less sharp boundary between the black and white on the face. 
Size
33 cm
Life Expectancy
12-51 years
Feeding Habits
Newell's Shearwater's diet primarily consists of squid and small fish. It employs nocturnal foraging methods over the ocean, using its specialized hunting techniques. Unique dietary adaptations enable efficient capture of these prey items at night.
Habitat
Burrows or deep rock crevices, dense vegetation at higher elevations, sheer coastal cliffs, slot canyons
Dite type
Piscivorous
General Info
Distribution Area
It breeds in at least 20 colonies on mountain slopes in the Hawaiian Islands. The main colonies are on Kauaʻi, on slopes around the Alakaʻi Plateau and probably in the Mokolea Mountains. Its distribution on the other islands is uncertain but it is known to breed on Molokaʻi and the island of Hawaiʻi and may breed on Oʻahu, Maui and Lānaʻi. From April to November it can be seen in the waters around the Hawaiian Islands, particularly around Kauaʻi. Outside the breeding season it disperses into the tropical Pacific Ocean. Its distribution at sea is little known but many move south and east into the waters of the Equatorial Counter Current. It has been recorded as far west as the Mariana Islands. In the south there are records from Samoa in September 1977 and American Samoa in January 1993.
Species Status
It was formerly a much more common bird with a wider breeding distribution in the islands. It has declined due to habitat loss and predation by introduced species such as mongooses, rats, cats and barn owls. Young birds in particular are attracted to the lights of urban areas at night and many die in collisions with power lines and buildings. The population was estimated at 84,000 birds in the mid-1990s. A severe decline has occurred in recent years which may be associated with the effects of Hurricane Iniki in 1992.
Photo By ALAN SCHMIERER from southeast AZ, USA , used under CC-ZERO /Cropped and compressed from original 
Scientific Classification
Phylum
Chordates Class
Birds Order
Albatrosses and Petrels Family
Shearwaters and petrels Genus
Typical Shearwaters Species
Newell's Shearwater 
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