Solitary Sandpiper
A species of Tringa Scientific name : Tringa solitaria Genus : Tringa
Solitary Sandpiper, A species of Tringa
Botanical name: Tringa solitaria
Genus: Tringa
Content
Description General Info
Description
This species measures 18–23 cm (7.1–9.1 in) long, with a wingspan up to 50 cm (20 in) and a body mass of 31–65 g (1.1–2.3 oz). It is a dumpy wader with a dark green back, greyish head and breast and otherwise white underparts. It is obvious in flight, with wings dark above and below, and a dark rump and tail centre. The latter feature distinguishes it from the slightly larger and broader-winged, but otherwise very similar, green sandpiper of Europe and Asia, to which it is closely related. The latter species has a brilliant white rump. In flight, the solitary sandpiper has a characteristic three-note whistle. They both have brown wings with little light dots, and a delicate but contrasting neck and chest pattern. In addition, both species nest in trees, unlike most other scolopacids. 
Size
20-23 cm (8-9 in)
Colors
Brown
Green
Gray
White
Nest Placement
Tree
Clutch Size
3 - 5 eggs
Incubation Period
1 brood
Number of Broods
23 - 24 days
Feeding Habits
Solitary Sandpiper primarily feed on insects like mosquito larvae, grasshoppers, and beetles, and they complement their diet with crustaceans, mollusks, amphibians, and occasionally small fish. They seize prey by sight, walking along shores or shallow water, sometimes using foot vibration to disturb and catch prey. Additionally, solitary Sandpiper forage for invertebrates in wet leaf litter.
Habitat
Solitary Sandpiper typically reside in freshwater environments such as lakes, ponds, and creeks. They favor areas with muskeg bogs, spruce forests, and muddy banks adjacent to woodlands, predominantly coniferous. Favored habitats include shallow water margins near enclosed woodland areas and less frequented spots by other shorebirds, such as stagnant pools and drainage ditches. Migratory stopovers occur in diverse locales from urban streams to forested ponds. They also adapt to high-altitude tropical environments, with a preference for freshwater ecosystems up to about 4,000 feet, presenting with muddy or sandy margins, shrub borders, or floating vegetation.
Nest Behavior
Solitary Sandpiper rely on males to locate potential nests, with females making final selections. They engage in nest modification before egg-laying, and both sexes contribute to parental care.
Nest Characteristics
Solitary Sandpiper repurpose old songbird nests in trees, generally close to the trunk and a few yards above ground, occasionally higher. They remove old lining and add fresh materials.
Dite type
Aquatic invertebrate eater
General Info
Sounds
Call
Recording location: United States
Call
Recording location: Venezuela
Behavior
The solitary Sandpiper demonstrates territorial behavior, with males claiming up to 124 acres of breeding ground in the spring. During breeding, pairs can be found nesting relatively close to one another, despite their assertiveness in safeguarding their chosen area. In their non-breeding seasons, solitary Sandpiper are solitary foragers, often seen chasing away conspecifics. Territorial disputes are typically settled by threat displays and, on occasion, physical pecking confrontations. Their courtship involves a male performing a unique aerial display heightened by wing quivering, song, and a distinctive descent when a potential mate is nearby. After mating, males may exhibit a peculiar wing raise and engage in a song-flight characterized by undulating motion. Both parents invest in offspring care, ensuring their young receive adequate nourishment and protection.
Distribution Area
It breeds in woodlands across Alaska and Canada. It is a migratory bird, wintering in Central and South America, especially in the Amazon River basin, and the Caribbean. It is a very rare vagrant to western Europe, and goes there in the summer-autumn period.
Species Status
Not globally threatened.
Scientific Classification
Phylum
Chordates Class
Birds Order
Shorebirds Family
Sandpipers Genus
Tringa Species
Solitary Sandpiper 
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